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Texas City disaster records, 1947-2003 (MS 529)

Photographs and statements regarding the Texas City disaster on April 16, 1947.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Descriptive Summary

Historical Sketch

Scope and Contents

Restrictions

Index Terms

Related Material

Administrative Information

Detailed Description of the Collection

Series I: Statements, 1947-1948

Series II: Reports, 1947

Series III: Newsclippings, 1947-2003

Series IV: Monsanto Chemical Co. plant history and personnel

Series V: Correspondence, 1947, 1955 and 1997

Series VI: Anniversary events, 1997

Series VII: Maps and photographs

Series VIII: Video, 1957 & 1997 notes

Guide to the Texas City disaster records, 1947-2003





Descriptive Summary

Repository: Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University, Houston, Texas
Creator Morris, Robert M.
Title: Texas City disaster records
Dates: 1947-2003
Extent: 1.5 linear ft.
Abstract: The Texas City disaster records were created and / or maintained by survivor Robert M. Morris, of Texas City, TX. The reports, statements, images and notes describe the events of the April 16, 1947 when a French ship carrying fertilizer on Galveston Bay caught fire and exploded, causing disaster on shore at the nearby Monsanto styrene plant and other petroleum refineries, homes, warehouses, ships and buildings. At least 576 were killed and 4,000 injured, with the town being almost completely destroyed.
Identification: MS 529
Language Materials are in English.

Historical Sketch

The worst industrial accident in U.S. history took place on the morning of April 16, 1947 when a French freighter carrying fertilizer (ammonium nitrate) on Galveston Bay caught fire and exploded, causing disaster on shore at the nearby Monsanto styrene plant and other petroleum refineries, homes, warehouses, ships and buildings. At least 576 were killed and 4,000 injured, with Texas City being almost completely destroyed.

Monsanto rebuilt the plant, which was only three years old, in order to help supply the nation's synthetic rubber needs during World War II. The plant was bought by Gordon Cain in 1986 and became known as Sterling Chemicals.

Correspondents include Robert M. Morris of Grantham, N.H.; William H. Lane of Texas City; John F. Jacobs of Nashville, TN; and Fred Ruecker. Lane survived the disaster. Morris was Monsanto's Assistant Plant Manager. After being thrown in a Jeep, trapped under it and nearly drowned by a tidal wave, Morris survived and went on to assist in the rescue efforts. Fred Ruecker lost his father, a plant engineer, in the disaster, as did John F. Jacobs. After surviving the disaster, Morris was transferred to Springfield, Massachusetts (1949) and then to St. Louis (1953), going on to eventually settled in New Hampshire.

Morris' daughter Susie Glasscock earned her BA in economics from Rice in 1962 and currently serves on the Rice Board of Trustees. Her husband Melbern Glasscock earned a BSME from Texas A&M in 1959 and his MS in mechanical engineering at Rice in 1961. Mr. and Mrs. Glasscock have been regular students of the School of Continuing Studies at Rice University for almost 30 years. In January 2006, the school was renamed the Susanne M. Glasscock School of Continuing Studies in honor of the Glasscock's endowment gift believed to be the largest endowment gift ever made to a university continuing education program in the United States.

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Scope and Contents

The Texas City disaster records were created and / or maintained by survivor Robert M. Morris. The reports, statements, images and notes describe the events of the April 16, 1947 when a French freighter carrying fertilizer caught fire and exploded, causing disaster on shore at the nearby Monsanto petroleum plant and other refineries, homes, warehouses and buildings. At least 576 were killed and 4,000 injured, with the town being almost completely destroyed.

Original materials of note include Monsanto statements and reports and correspondence about the events. Two videotapes feature documentaries of the disaster. The History Channel documentary, "Eyes of Texas" (Houston KHOU-TV) segment and two Houston KTRC-TV News Channel 13 segments include first accounts from survivors, including Robert Morris and William Lane.

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Arrangement

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Restrictions

Access Restrictions

This material is open for research.

Use Restrictions

Permission to publish from the Texas City disaster records, 1947-2003, MS 529, must be obtained from the Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University.

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Related Material

Mansanto Chemical Company archives located at Washington University Libraries, St. Louis, Missouri. Finding aid for this material is on-line at http://library.wustl.edu/units/spec/archives/guides/pdf/monsanto.pdf.

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Index Terms

Subjects (Persons)

Jacobs, John F.
Lane, William M.
Ruecker, Fred.

Subjects (Organizations)

Monsanto Chemical Company

Subjects (Ships)

Grandchamp (Ship) -- Explosion, 1947.
High Flyer (Ship) -- Explosion, 1947.
Wilson B. Keene (Ship) -- Explosion, 1947.

Subjects

Disasters -- Texas -- Texas City -- History -- 20th century.
Fires -- Texas -- Texas City -- History -- 20th century.
Industrial accidents – Texas.

Subjects (Places)

Texas City (Tex.) -- Fire, 1947.
Texas City (Tex.) -- History.

Formats

Correspondence
Newsclippings
Newsletters
Photographs
Reports
Statements
Videotapes

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Administrative Information

Preferred Citation

Texas City disaster records, 1947-2003, MS 529, Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University.

Acquisition Information

This collection was donated by Susie Glasscock, 2007.

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Detailed Description of the Collection













Series I: Statements, 1947-1948


1 1
R. M. Morris statements, 1947

2
Monsanto statements, 1947-1948












Series II: Reports, 1947


1 3
Monsanto Executive Committee report, May 1947

4
Monsanto Dept. of Industrial & Public Relations Report, May 1947

5
Oil Insurance Underwriters Report, June 1947

6
Fire Prevention & Engineering Bureau of Texas, and national Board of Fire Underwriters, undated report












Series III: Newsclippings, 1947-2003


1 7
1947-2003












Series IV: Monsanto Chemical Co. plant history and personnel


1 8
Monsanto plant history, 1941-1965

9
Personnel rosters, 1947 (annotated with information on the deceased and missing)

10
Personnel organizational charts, Texas Division, 1947-1948 (includes position titles and occupants' names, as well as notes "dead" and "safe")

11
Monsanto Chemical Co. casualties, hospitalizations, widows and survivors, 1947












Series V: Correspondence, 1947, 1955 and 1997


1 12
Correspondence, 1947, 1955 and 1997





1947 correspondence includes an original account of the disaster by William Lane, and 1947 Monsanto newsletters; 1997 correspondence relates to anniversary events.












Series VI: Anniversary events, 1997


1 13
Correspondence, flyers, brochures and ephemera regarding 1997 anniversary events in Texas City


2 -
Newspaper coverage of 1997 anniversary












Series VII: Maps and photographs


1 14
Site maps, 1947





Includes a site map annotated with numbers relating to photographs, and an index to those photographs, but it is not clear if the largely unannotated photographs in this collection relate to this index.

15
Images, pre-explosion (27 black and white 8x10s) See folder on-line.

16
Images, post-explosion (6 black and white 8x10s, 6 black and white postcards) See selection of items from this folder on-line.


2 1
Images, oversize (5 black and white 11x14s)












Series VIII: Video, 1957 & 1997 notes


1 17
Manuscript and typescript notes regarding "Texas City Film" and "Introduction to Safety Movie", 1952 with 1997 notes


2 2
VHS videotape "Texas City - 1997 Reviews" 20 minutes. Includes "Eyes of Texas" (Houston KHOU-TV Channel 2) segment and two Houston KTRC-TV News Channel 13 segments. Not for reproduction.

3
VHS videotape "Texas City - History Channel" 45 minutes. Not for reproduction.

4
DVD access copy of videotapes: "Texas City - 1997 Reviews" 20 minutes & "Texas City - History Channel" 45 minutes. Not for reproduction.

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